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Preliminary views on WRC-15 agenda items (As of June 2014)

Agenda item 1.1

to consider additional spectrum allocations to the mobile service on a primary basis and identification of additional frequency bands for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) and related regulatory provisions, to facilitate the development of terrestrial mobile broadband applications, in accordance with Resolution 233 (WRC-12);

1Background

In accordance with Resolution233 (WRC-12), additional spectrum allocations to the mobile service on a primary basis and identification of additional frequency bands for IMT and related regulatory provisions will be considered under WRC-15 agenda item 1.1. In this regard, ITU-R Joint Task Group 4-5-6-7 (JTG) conducts studies on frequency-related matters on IMT and other terrestrial mobile broadband applications as a responsible group for WRC-15 agenda item 1.1 with the help of other concerned groups.

This contribution provides preliminary views on this agenda item from Japan.

2Preliminary Views

  1. To cope with rapidly increasing mobile traffic, taking into account the studies on spectrum requirement for IMT in ITU-R, sufficient bandwidths should be secured to meet future IMT spectrum demand.
  2. Technical discussions are necessary in ITU-R in order to protect existing services when considering additional allocation to the mobile service and identification for IMT on a worldwide basis (or on a Regional basis, or by footnotes which contain a number of countries’ name, depending on circumstances).
  3. Results of studies on suitable frequency ranges for IMT in ITU-R WP 5D include but not limited to the frequency ranges 1 427.9-1462.9/1 475.9-1 510.9 MHz, 3 400-4 200 MHz and 4 400-4 900MHz.
  4. Considering the studies in ITU-R, Japan supports the bands, 1 427.9-1 462.9/1 475.9-1 510.9 MHz, 3 400-4 200 MHz and 4 400-4 900MHz to be allocated to the mobile service and identify them to IMT on a worldwide basis (or on a Regional basis, or by footnotes which contain a number of countries’ name, depending on circumstances).

Agenda item 1.2

to examine the results of ITU-R studies, in accordance with Resolution 232 (WRC-12), on the use of the frequency band 694-790 MHz by the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service in Region 1 and take the appropriate measures;

1Background

In accordance with Resolution 232 (WRC-12), examination of the results of ITU-R studies on the use of the frequency band 694-790 MHz by the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service in Region 1 and identification of additional frequency bands for IMT will be considered under WRC-15 Agenda item 1.2. In this regard, ITU-R Joint Task Group 4-5-6-7 (JTG) conducts coexisting studies on mobile service and other services as a responsible group for WRC-15 Agenda item 1.2 with the help of other concerned groups.

This contribution provides preliminary views on this agenda item from Japan.

2Preliminary Views

It would be desirable that the frequency allocation to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service on a primary basis in the band 694-790 MHz for Region 1 is confirmed and a channelling arrangement for this band is developed considering harmonization with APT Region.

Agenda item 1.3

to review and revise Resolution 646 (Rev.WRC-12) for broadband public protection and disaster relief (PPDR), in accordance with Resolution 648 (WRC-12);

1Background

Existing PPDR technology meets for narrowband system and is utilized for voice and low-speed data communications. At WRC-12, new Resolution 648 has been approved in order to study technical and operational issues of broadband PPDR as well as its development in the future, taking account of the improvement of broadband radiocommunications technologies these years.

Resolution 648 resolves to revise Resolution 646 (Rev. WRC-12) in order to study broadband PPDR, and WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3 has been established to address it.

In Japan, practical use of the VHF-band broadband PPDR wireless communication system started in 2013. Japan contributed to WP 5A meeting an introduction of this system (Document 5A/273) and a proposal of amendsments of CPM TEXT for WRC-15 Agenda item 1.3 (Document 5A/507).

2Preliminary Views

For identification of frequency bands for broadband public protection and disaster relief, ITU-R and AWG studies should be carried out appropriately and watched, taking into account impacts on existing services.

Agenda item 1.4

to consider possible new allocation to the amateur service on a secondary basis within the band 5 250-5 450 kHz in accordance with Resolution 649 (WRC-12);

1Background

Based on the usability of amateur service in emergency situation, especially utilization as the alternative measure in case networks has been damaged due to natunal disasters, the proposal has been made to consider possible new allocation to the amateur service on a secondary basis in the 5 300 kHz band, and WRC-15 Agenda item 1.4 has been established at WRC-12.

At WP5A meeting, sharing studies have been done. To protect existing services, Japan looks carefully a new Report which was drafted at thirteenth meeting of Working Party 5A (Geneva, 18-29 May 2014).

2Preliminary Views

A new allocation to Amateur service on a secondary basis in the frequency band 5 250-5 450 kHz is not appropriate until the compatibility between the Amateur service and the existing primary services including elimination of harmful interferences could be achieved.  Concerned ITU-R studies should be watched carefully in the light of protection of the existing primary services in the band.

Agenda item 1.5

to consider the use of frequency bands allocated to the fixed-satellite service not subject to Appendices 30, 30A and 30B for the control and non-payload communications of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in non-segregated airspaces, in accordance with Resolution 153 (WRC 12);

1Background

Resolution 153 (WRC-12) resolves to consider the use of frequency bands allocated to the fixed-satellite service not subject to Appendices 30, 30A and 30B for the control and non-payload communications of unmanned aircraft systems in non-segregated airspaces.

A substantial increase in worldwide use of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) is expected in the future. Seamless operation of unmanned aircraft (UA) with piloted aircraft are becoming essential for the further development of unmanned aircraft applications with diverse requirements in non-segregated airspace. For safe operation of UA a reliable communication link is essential between the remote pilot and the UA in order to command and control the UA and to relay air traffic communication. Therefore, eligible harmonic spectrum is required to meet this need.

In views of this demand and the capacity and networks of fixed satellite service (FSS) systems, the World Radiocommunication Conference 2012 (WRC-12) resolves to invite ITU-R to consider technical, regulatory, and operational conditions for UA command and non-payload communication (CNPC) links though space systems operating in the FSS.

At its meeting of Working Party 5B on May 2014, which is the responsibility group of this agenda item, a diverse point of views was being discussed and a clear conclusion was not achieved.

2Preliminary Views

In this light of above discussion, Japan is of the view that it is necessary to continue the ITU-R studies on the technical, regulatory and operational recommendations with Resolution 153 (WRC-12) enabling WRC-15 to decide on the use of frequency bands allocated to the FSS not subject to Appendices 30, 30A and 30B for the CNPC of UAS in non-segregated airspaces. Japan also is of the view that the sufficient studies should be done to prevent the adverse impact t on the existing services in the Ku/Ka bands.

Agenda item 1.6

to consider possible additional primary allocations;

  • 1.6.1 
    to the fixed-satellite service (Earth-to-space and space-to-Earth) of 250 MHz in the range between 10 GHz and 17 GHz in Region 1;
  • 1.6.2 
    to the fixed-satellite service (Earth-to-space) of 250 MHz in Region 2 and 300 MHz in Region 3 within the range 13-17 GHz;

and review the regulatory provisions on the current allocations to the fixed-satellite service within each range, taking into account the results of ITU-R studies, in accordance with Resolutions 151 (WRC-12) and 152 (WRC-12), respectively;

1Background

The existing unplanned FSS bands in the 10-15 GHz range are used extensively for a myriad of applications such as very small aperture terminal (VSAT) services, video distribution, broadband networks, internet services, satellite news gathering, and backhaul links. Growth in demand for these applications has triggered a rapid rise in the demand for spectrum. Moreover, as satellite traffic is typically symmetrical in a large variety of applications, i.e. similar amounts of Earth to space (uplink) and space-to-Earth (downlink) traffic are transmitted.

WRC-12 adopted WRC-15 agenda item 1.6 to consider additional primary allocations to the fixed satellite service (FSS) in the range 10-17 GHz in Region 1 (Earth-to-space and space-to-Earth) in the range 13-17 GHz in Region 2 & 3 (space-to-Earth) and a review of regulatory provisions for existing FSS allocations, taking into account ITU-R studies in accordance with Resolution 151 (WRC-12) and 152 (WRC-12).

In this study period of the ITU-R, Working Party 4A has been studying the issue of frequency sharing with the existing services in the frequency bands  in question on a band-by-band basis as a responsible group of this agenda item. Annex 1 of this document summarizes the current conclusion of the band-by-band study with respect to Agenda Item 1.6.2 of WRC-15 as a reference but it should be noted that, for certain frequency bands and associated services currently come up with preliminary conclusion, the study is still ongoing by reviewing the technical characteristic and/or operational restrictions of FSS systems in order to achieve the frequency sharing from the viewpoint of efficient use of frequency spectrum/orbit resources.

2Preliminary Views

Japan is of the view that it would be beneficial to straighten out the difference between the bandwidth of the FSS uplink and that of the FSS downlink from the viewpoint of efficient use of the frequency spectrum/orbit resources. Therefore this Administration supports additional allocation and/or revision of the regulatory provisions on the current allocations to the FSS provided that the radiocommunication services to which the frequency band in question is currently allocated on a primary basis are adequately protected. This Administration also supports to conduct necessary and sufficient study in the ITU-R.

Agenda item 1.7

to review the use of the band 5 091-5 150 MHz by the fixed-satellite service (Earth-to-space) (limited to feeder links of the non-geostationary mobile-satellite systems in the mobile-satellite service) in accordance with Resolution 114 (Rev.WRC-12);

1Background

Resolution 114 (Rev. WRC-12) resolves to invite ITU-R to conduct studies about the technical and operation issues relating to sharing of the band 5 091-5 150 MHz between new systems of the aeronautical radionavigation service (ARNS) and the fixed satellite service (FSS) providing feeder links of the non-GSO systems in the mobile satellite service (MSS) (Earth-to-space).  The Resolution 114 (Rev. WRC-12) also invites ICAO to supply technical and operation criteria suitable for sharing studies for new aeronautical systems.

ITU-R Working Party 4A (WP 4A) and Working Party 5B (WP 5B) are the responsible group and concerned group for this agenda item, respectively.

Previous studies have resulted in Recommendation ITU-R S.1342 which describes a method for determining coordination distances between international standard MLS stations operating in the band 5 030-5 091 MHz and FSS Earth stations in the adjacent band 5 091-5 150 MHz providing Earth-to-space feeder links for non-geostationary MSS systems.

Previous studies have resulted in the creation of Recommendation ITU-R M.1827 which provides the technical and operational requirements for stations of AM(R)S limited to surface applications at airports ensuring compatibility with FSS feeder link earth stations operating in the band 5 091-5 150 MHz.

ICAO indicated during this study cycle that it does not foresee or plan any new ARNS (non MLS) systems, in the band 5 091-5 150 MHz. On this basis, no new studies, in the band 5 030-5 091 MHz, are required since Recommendation ITU-R S.1342 remains the technical reference for determining the need for coordination between the international standard MLS, in the band 5 030-5 091 MHz, and systems of the FSS providing Earth-to-space feeder links, in the band 5 091-5 150 MHz.

At its meeting of February 2014, WP 4A proposed a single method to satisfy this agenda item was proposed.  This method proposes that the use of the band 5 091-5 150 MHz by systems of the FSS providing Earth-to-space feeder links, of non-GSO systems in the MSS is maintained as a primary allocation with suppression of the conditions on this allocation given in No. 5.444A of the radio regulations (RR), i.e. after 1 January 2016 no new assignments shall be made, and after 1 January 2018 the FSS will become secondary to the ARNS.  To realize this method, WP 5B is considering the revision of Recommendation ITU-R M.1827.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports the ITU-R studies to use of the band 5 091-5 150 MHz for systems of the FSS providing feeder links for non-GSO systems in the MSS in the Earth-to-space direction with the suppression of the current limitation on RR No. 5.444A.

Agenda item 1.8

to review the provisions relating to Earth Stations located on board Vessels (ESVs), based on studies conducted in accordance with Resolution 909 (WRC 12);

1Background

As Resolution 902 (WRC-03) was approved by WRC-03, technical background of this Resolution is summarized in Recommendation ITU-R SF.1650-1, etc.

In this study period of the ITU-R, Working Party 4A has been studying this Agenda Item as the Responsible Group and developed a WD-PDNRep. (document 4A/468N12) and WD-CPMtext (document 4A/468N25). In these working documents, the following studies and methods to satisfy the agenda item are presented:

  • – Method A 
    No change to the Radio Regulations
  • – Method B 
    Increasing off-shore protection distances in the C and Ku bands
  • – Method C 
    Establishment of different protection distances for different maximum e.i.r.p. density levels (with reduction antenna diameters to 1.2 m and increase of number of ESV passes in C band)
  • – Method D 
    Establishment of different protection distances for different maximum e.i.r.p. density levels with considering the increasing the number of ESV passes in the C & Ku bands

2Preliminary Views

Japan is of the view that the sufficient study should be conducted so as to adequately protect the existing radiocommunication service (i.e. the FS) and not to impose additional constraints to ESVs in the 5925-6425 MHz and 14.0-14.5 GHz frequency bands.

Agenda item 1.10

to consider spectrum requirements and possible additional spectrum allocations for the mobile-satellite service in the Earth-to-space and space-to-Earth directions, including the satellite component for broadband applications, including International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT), within the frequency range from 22 GHz to 26 GHz, in accordance with Resolution 234 (WRC-12);

1Background

Resolution 234 (WRC-12) resolves to invite ITU-R to complete, for WRC-15, sharing and compatibility studies towards additional allocations to the mobile-satellite services (MSS) in the Earth-to-space and space-to-Earth directions, within portions of the bands between 22 GHz and 26 GHz, while ensuring protection of existing services within these band as well as taking into account No. 5.340 and No. 5.149 of the radio regulations.

ITU-R Working Party 4C (WP 4C) is the responsible group for this agenda item.

Spectrum requirements for the MSS in the frequency range covered by this agenda item are addressed in Report ITU-R M.[MSS KA_REQ]. Technical characteristics and sharing analyses for example MSS systems are contained in Report ITU-R M.[MSS SHARE].

At its meeting of February 2014, WP 4C proposed two method, to satisfy this agenda item.  Method 1 proposes no allocation to the MSS within the 22.0-26.0 GHz band and no change to the RR.  Method 2 proposed possible MSS allocations within parts of the 22.0-26.0 GHz frequency range.  At this time, the sharing and compatibility studies have not been completed yet, the studies about identifying uplink frequency bands, downlink frequency bands and appropriate regulatory modifications remain.

2Preliminary Views

Japan is of the view that the sufficient studies by ITU-R are important to ensure the appropriate protection of the existing primary services.

Agenda item 1.11

to consider a primary allocation for the Earth exploration-satellite service (Earth-to-space) in the 7-8 GHz range, in accordance with Resolution 650 (WRC-12);

1Background

Resolution 650 (WRC-12) resolves to invite ITU-R to conduct a study of spectrum requirements in the 7-8 GHz range for Earth exploration satellite service (EESS) (Earth-to-space) telecommand operations in order to complement telemetry operations of EESS (space-to-Earth) in the 8 025-8 400 MHz band, and to conduct compatibility studies between EESS (Earth-to-space) systems and existing services, with priority to the band 7 145-7 235 MHz, and then within other portions of the 7-8 GHz range only if the band 7 145-7 235 MHz is found not to be suitable.

Furthermore the Resolution resolves to invite WRC-15 to review the results of these studies with a view to providing a worldwide primary allocation to EESS (Earth-to-space) in the range 7-8 GHz with priority to the band 7 145-7 235 MHz.

ITU-R Working Party 7B (WP 7B) is the responsible group of WRC-15 Agenda item 1.11.

ITU-R studies of the bandwidth requirements show a need for 56 MHz for EESS (Earth-to-space) in case the band is shared with other satellite services as given in ITU-R Report SA.2272.

ITU-R studies have indicated that there will be difficulties in sharing between EESS and space research service (SRS) (deep space) in the 7 145-7 190 MHz band whereas compatibility between SRS (near-Earth) and EESS (Earth-to-space) in the 7 190-7 235 MHz is feasible.

ITU-R studies have also shown that sharing with fixed service (FS) systems is feasible on the basis of the Appendix 7 of the Radio Regulations (RR) coordination mechanisms already applied to the SRS earth station case in this band. The results of sharing studies between EESS (Earth-to-space) and FS are summarized in the Report ITU-R SA.2275. On this basis, an allocation in the range 7190-7250 MHz has been proposed to provide the required bandwidth and at the same time to protect the existing services.

With regard to the sharing study between EESS (Earth-to-space) and space operation service (SOS), relevant studies have examined to see if limitations on an EESS (Earth-to-space) allocation may be needed and how EESS operations would be coordinated with the SOS use by the Russian Administration under FN 5.459.

As a result of the May 2014 WP 7B meeting, three methods have been proposed to satisfy this agenda item. Methods A and B propose a new primary allocation to the EESS in the band 7 190-7 250 MHz with different conditions establishing protection of currently allocated services. For Method A, three options are considered. A third method, Method C, with the proposal of no change to the RR has also been included.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports current ITU-R studies to provide a worldwide primary allocation to the EESS (Earth-to-space) in the band 7 190-7250 MHz with ensuring protection of existing primary services.

Agenda item 1.12

to consider an extension of the current worldwide allocation to the Earth exploration-satellite (active) service in the frequency band 9 300-9 900 MHz by up to 600 MHz within the frequency bands 8 700-9 300 MHz and/or 9 900-10 500 MHz, in accordance with Resolution 651 (WRC-12);

1Background

WRC-15 Agenda item 1.12 resolves for Administrations to consider possible additional allocations to the Earth exploration-satellite (active) service within the frequency bands 8 700 -
9 300 MHz and/or 9 900-10 500 MHz, in accordance with Resolution 651 (WRC-12).

The Resolution invites ITU-R to conduct and complete, in time for WRC 15, compatibility studies addressing EESS (active) and existing services in the frequency bands 8 700 - 9 300 MHz and 9 900 - 10 500 MHz, and in the adjacent bands.

ITU-R Working Party 7C (WP 7C) has been identified the responsible group of WRC-15 Agenda item 1.12.

The studies on EESS (active) spectrum requirements around 9 GHz are summarized in Report ITU R RS.2274 which verifies the needs for a future radar image resolution of better than 30cm and shows that this can only be achieved with a total contiguous bandwidth of 1 200 MHz.

Sharing and compatibility studies in ITU-R have been well advanced in WP 7C, showing so far that:

  • Sharing is feasible between the EESS (active) and the FS, mobile service (MS), the Amateur and Amateur satellite services without the need for any specific constraint, nor any effect on any of these services;
  • The impact of radionavigation service (RNS) and radiolocation service (RLS) systems emissions into SAR receivers is acceptable without any specific constraint on either of these services in the frequency bands proposed for a possible extension.
  • With regard to the EESS (active) impact on the RNS and RLS, comprehensive studies have been conducted for each frequency band that could be part of the possible extension. However, the bands below 9200 MHz are excluded from further consideration.
  • Studies of EESS (active) compatibility with the radioastronomy service (RAS) show that the main issue is the potential physical damage of the low-noise amplifier front-end of a victim RAS station in the unlikely case of main-beam to main-beam coupling. However, a new ITU-R recommendation has been proposed to undertake operational coordination in case acquisitions have to be made over RAS stations.
  • Regarding the protection of SRS (deep space), methods for the reduction of out-of-band emissions from the considered EESS (active) systems have been defined.
  • The protection of EESS (passive) from unwanted emissions in the band 10.6-10.7 GHz is ensured due to attenuation of unwanted emissions as well as due to the difference in local time of the ascending node (LTAN) between EESS (active) and EESS (passive) satellites.

The following methods to satisfy the agenda item have been developed:

  • -Method A 
    - Primary EESS (active) allocation in the band 9 900-10 500 MHz.
  • -Method B 
    - Primary EESS (active) allocation in the bands 9 200-9 300 MHz and 9 900 10 400 MHz.

These methods would impose that systems operating in the new EESS (active) allocation shall not cause harmful interference to, nor claim protection from radars operating in the radio determination service.  In addition, the extension band shall only be used by EESS (active) systems requiring a bandwidth of more than 600 MHz.  The protection of the RAS in adjacent bands is addressed in a new ITU-R PDN Recommendation.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports current ITU-R studies to expand the existing EESS (active) band allocated in the band 9 300 – 9 900 MHz with ensuring protection of existing primary services in the considered and the adjacent bands, also taking into account the safety of life aspects of the aeronautical radionavigation services in the band 9 000 – 9 200 MHz and the maritime radionavigation services in the band 9200 – 9500 MHz.

Agenda item 1.13

to review No. 5.268 with a view to examining the possibility for increasing the 5 km distance limitation and allowing space research service (space-to-space) use for proximity operations by space vehicles communicating with an orbiting manned space vehicle, in accordance with Resolution 652 (WRC-12);

1Background

Resolution 652(WRC-12) calls for studies between SRS (space-to-space) systems communicating in proximity with orbiting manned space vehicles and systems operating in the fixed and mobile (except aeronautical mobile) services in the band 410-420 MHz. WRC-15 calls for the review of RR No. 5.268 with a view to examine the possibility for increasing the 5 km distance limitation and allowing space research service (space-to-space) use for proximity operations by space vehicles communicating with an orbiting manned space vehicle.

ITU-R Working Party 7B (WP 7B) has been identified the responsible group of WRC-15 Agenda item 1.13.

Sharing studies between stations of the SRS (space-to-space) and FS and MS in the band 410-420 MHz have been completed.  These studies found that the protection criteria specified in the RR No. 5.268 can be met without a distance limitation on SRS proximity operations.

Taking into account the results of sharing studies, one method has been proposed to satisfy this agenda item. This method proposes relevant modifications to RR No. 5.268 to remove the 5 km distance limitation and not solely limit the use of the band for extra-vehicular activities. Taking into account that studies required by Resolution 652 (WRC 12) have been completed this resolution should be suppressed.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports current ITU-R studies for the relaxation of the 5 km distance limitation specified in current RR No. 5.268 with protection of existing primary services.

Agenda item 1.14

to consider the feasibility of achieving a continuous reference time-scale, whether by the modification of coordinated universal time (UTC) or some other method, and take appropriate action, in accordance with Resolution 653 (WRC 12);

1Background

RA-12 considered the draft revision of Recommendation ITU-R TF.460-6 which proposed the suppression of leap seconds adjustments to UTC. At RA-12 there was a fraction of administrations in favour of the draft revision of the Recommendation and a fraction opposing it. However, there was a third group of administrations that indicated they needed more time and information to form an opinion. As a result, RA-12 decided to return the draft revision to SG 7 for further study of other technical options in addition to those already considered in the preparation of the draft revision.

Further, the Assembly decided that this issue should be addressed in the RA-12 Report for World Radiocommunication Conference 2012 (WRC-12) to consider the possibility of developing a new WRC-15 Agenda item.

ITU-R WP7A is the responsible group for this agenda item. Japan has been contributing actively to studying in ITU-R WP7A.

Draft CPM text was agreed at WP7A meeting in May 2014, and following Methods are proposed in the Draft CPM text.

  • Method A1: 

    A continuous reference time-scale is feasible and it can be achieved by stopping the insertion of leap seconds in UTC.  To allow for an adequate period of time for those legacy systems reliant on the use of leap seconds to adapt to the change in UTC, the suppression of leap seconds adjustments to UTC will be effective no less than five years after the date of entry into force of the Final Acts of the WRC-15.

    For applications requiring knowledge of UT1 the difference between UT1 and UTC will continue to be provided by IERS with a much higher precision than that available from present broadcast UTC.

    The name of UTC will be retained.

  • Method A2: 

    This method is similar to Method A1 but it is proposed to change the name of UTC

  • Method B: 

    Retain UTC as currently defined and introduce a continuous reference atomic time-scale based on TAI with an offset to be broadcast on an equal basis.

  • Method C1: 

    No change in definition of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) specified in Recommendation ITU-R TF.460-6, which will remain the only time-scale which is broadcast in order to avoid any confusion. Under this method Recommendation ITU-R TF.460-6 would be amended to make clear that use of TAI is an acceptable alternative for those requiring a continuous time-scale and that it can be derived from UTC using a difference figure which is also broadcast.

  • Method C1: 

    No change in definition of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) specified in Recommendation ITU-R TF.460-6, which will remain the only time-scale which is broadcast in order to avoid any confusion.Under this method Recommendation ITU-R TF.460-6 would be amended to make clear that use of TAI is an acceptable alternative for those requiring a continuous time-scale and that it can be derived from UTC using a difference figure which is also broadcast.

  • Method C2: 

    This method is similar to Method C1 except for Recommendation ITU-R TF.460-6 which would be amended to include additional definitions, corrections and/or materials with respect to the feasibility of using continuous system time-scales for radio communication systems.

2Preliminary Views

Japan is of the view that it is desirable to use the new continuous time-scale as the standard time-scale in the whole world, because it enables to provide smooth services in the field of telecommunications network service and time-stamping service, etc.   Co-existence of two kinds of time-scales might invite confusion.

Agenda Item 1.15

to consider spectrum demands for on-board communication stations in the maritime mobile service in accordance with Resolution 358 (WRC-12);

1Background

Resolution 358 (WRC-12) resolves to invite WRC-15 to consider, based on the results of ITU-R studies, the need to possibly identify additional UHF channels within the bands already allocated to the maritime mobile service for on-board communication station.

For the use of UHF frequency band for on-board communications, only six frequencies are currently identified in footnote No. 5.287 of the Radio Regulations, which are 457.525 MHz, 457.550 MHz, 457.575 MHz, 467.525 MHz, 467.550 MHz and 467.575 MHz with channel spacing of 25 kHz.  No. 5.287 also states that where needed, equipment designed for 12.5 kHz channel spacing using also the additional frequencies 457.5375 MHz, 457.5625 MHz, 456.5375 MHz and 467.5625 MHz may be introduced for on-board communications.

ITU-R Working Party 5B (WP 5B) considers the importance of on-board communications to safe ship operations with its congestion in some geographical area and shows the idea that a more efficient usage of the existing frequencies could be globally achieved with the systematic utilization of 12.5 kHz bandwidth for all the channels identified in the RR for on-board communications.  In this regards, WP 5B also shows the idea that the use of Continuous Tone Coded Squelch Systems (CTCSS) should be recommended as a way to mitigate the congestion.

At the WP 5B meeting in November 2013, two methods (Method A and Method B) to satisfy this agenda item were raised along with regulatory and procedural considerations to suggest using 12.5 kHz channel spacing in order to use the channels available for on-board communication on ships more effectively.  However, Method A establishes the transition period as the 1st January 2017, after this date only 12.5 kHz channel spacing is allowed.  Method B suggests using 6.25 kHz channel spacing with digital modulation in addition to 12.5 kHz channel spacing with analog modulation.

2Preliminary Views

Japan is of the view that considering current use of frequencies 457.525 MHz, 457.550 MHz and 457.575 MHz, it is very preferable to study frequencies other than these three channels for 12.5 kHz spacing channels.

Also, Japan is of the view that no constraints should be placed on the existing analog on-board communication systems with 25 kHz channel spacing.

Agenda Item 1.16

to consider regulatory provisions and spectrum allocations to enable possible new Automatic Identification System (AIS) technology applications and possible new applications to improve maritime Radiocommunication in accordance with Resolution 360 (WRC-12);

1Background

Resolution 360 (WRC-12) resolves to invite WRC-15

  • to consider, based on the results of ITU-R studies, modifications to the Radio Regulations (RR), including possible spectrum allocations, to enable new AIS terrestrial and satellite applications, with ensuring that these applications will not degrade the current AIS operations and other existing services;
  • to consider, based on the results of ITU-R studies, additional or new applications for maritime Radiocommunication within existing maritime mobile and mobile-satellite service allocations, and if necessary to take appropriate regulatory measures.

The AIS is widely used for vessel collision avoidance as well as the delivery of information about specific details of a vessel by not only SOLAS vessels but also non-SOLAS vessels.  The AIS VHF Data Link (VDL) is designed for these purposes and heavy use of AIS by thousands of vessels results in that the existing AIS 1 and AIS 2 channels are over loaded with increasing demand for maritime VHF data communications.

So far, some Administrations reported that the AIS VDL loading in high traffic area is nearing or has already exceeded critical limiting factor of 50 % as noted in IALA Recommendation A-124 Appendix 18 "VDL Loading Management" to ITU-R Working Party 5B (WP 5B); Japan – 38 % with increase of 10 % within four years, Korea – 40 %, the US – 133 %.  These data indicates the necessity of additional channels for the AIS.  At this time, WP 5B discusses reservation of AIS 1 and AIS 2 channels for navigation safety and collision avoidance purpose and the use of upper legs of the duplex channels 27 and 28 in Appendix 18 of the RR for all non-navigation AIS messages.

Moreover, WP 5B currently considers VHF Data Exchange (VDE) concept for both terrestrial and satellite components, and integrated system of AIS, Application Specific Messages (ASM) and VDE, called VHF Data Exchange System (VDES) with these channel arrangement.

In light of the consideration mentioned above, the RR Appendix 18 channels and frequencies for the VDES was made on a global basis at the WP 5B meeting of November 2012.  In addition, Japan proposed VDE channel allocation for Regions 1 and 3 for further consideration of the VDE at its May 2013 meeting, and this table is found in draft CPM text for this Agenda Item with global channels for the VDES.

At the WP 5B meeting in November 2013, three methods (Method A, Method B and Method C) were raised to designate the ASM channels.  Method A assigns channels 2027 and 2028 for the ASM application with the transitional period [1 January 2019].  Method B assigns channels 87 and 88 for ASM applications with an effective date TBD.  Method C assigns channels 2027 and 2028 for the ASM application with an effective date TBD.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports ITU-R studies for global and regional channel arrangement for the VDES to be reflected to the current RR Appendix 18 including the addition of the AIS channels and the VDE concepts for both terrestrial and satellite component, which are conducted within WP 5B under Agenda Item 1.16.  For coordination among APT regions, Japan believes that it is expected to take into account of the regional channel allocation for VDE.

Agenda item 1.17

to consider possible spectrum requirements and regulatory actions, including appropriate aeronautical allocations, to support wireless avionics intra-communications (WAIC), in accordance with Resolution 423 (WRC-12);

1Background

Resolution 423 (WRC-12) resolves to invite ITU-R to conduct studies to determine the spectrum requirements needed to support Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC) systems, and to conduct sharing and compatibility studies based on the results of the studies about spectrum requirements to determine appropriate frequency bands and regulatory actions.  According to the Resolution 423 (WRC-12), the frequency bands to be initially reviewed are limited to those frequency bands containing the aeronautical mobile (route), aeronautical mobile and aeronautical radionavigation services below 15.7 GHz.  In addition, frequency bands above 15.7 GHz can be studied if spectrum requirements cannot be met in frequency bands allocated to the aeronautical services below 15.7 GHz.

ITU-R Working Party 5B (WP 5B) is the responsible group of this agenda item.

WAIC systems considered at the meetings of WP 5B are descried in draft new Report ITU-R M.[WAIC_CHAR_SPEC].  WAIC systems utilize radio communications between two or more stations on-board a single aircraft supporting the safe operation of the aircraft and its systems.

Studies were conducted analyzing potential compatibility between proposed WAIC systems and incumbent services in the frequency bands 2 700-2 900 MHz, 4 200-4 400 MHz,
5 350-5 460 MHz, 22.5-22.55 GHz, and 23.55-23.6 GHz.  Of the frequency bands studied below 15.7 GHz, only the frequency band 4 200-4 400 MHz shows that sharing is feasible.

At the WP 5B meeting of May 2014,  two methods to address this agenda item adding a new allocation to the AM(R)S limited to WAIC systems to the frequency band 4 200-4 400 MHz were proposed.

2Preliminary Views

Japan is of the view that for implementing the WAIC system, the studies to prevent harmful interference to the existing services is important. With respect to this agenda item, Japan supports the current ITU-R studies to support the WAIC systems.

Agenda item 1.18

to consider a primary allocation to the radiolocation service for automotive applications in the 77.5-78.0 GHz frequency band in accordance with Resolution 654 (WRC-12);

1Background

In accordance with Resolution 654 (WRC-12), a primary allocation to the radiolocation service for automotive applications in the 77.5-78.0 GHz frequency band will be considered under WRC-15 Agenda item 1.18. In this regard, ITU-R SG5 WP5A and WP5B conduct technical, operational and regulatory studies as responsible groups for WRC-15 Agenda item 1.18 with the help of other concerned groups.

CPM15-1 decided that WP5B is responsible for invites i) & ii) and WP5A is responsible for invites iii) in the Resolution 654 (WRC-12).

RESOLUTION 654 (WRC-12)
Allocation of the band 77.5-78 GHz to the radiolocation service to support automotive short-range high-resolution radar operations

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva 2012),

invites ITU-R

to conduct, as a matter of urgency, and in time for consideration by WRC-15, the appropriate technical, operational and regulatory studies, including:

  1. i.sharing studies and regulatory solutions to consider a primary allocation to the radiolocation service in the band 77.5-78 GHz, taking into account incumbent services and existing uses of the band;
  2. ii.compatibility studies in the band 77.5-78 GHz with services operating in the adjacent bands 76-77.5 GHz and 78-81 GHz;
  3. iii.spectrum requirements, operational characteristics and evaluation of ITS safety-related applications that would benefit from global or regional harmonization,

Regarding the study on operational characteristics, WP5A has developed a new Recommendation ITU-R M. 2057 - Systems characteristics of automotive radars operating in the frequency band 76-81 GHz for intelligent transport systems applications. Regarding the sharing and compatibility studies, WP5B has been developing the working document towards a preliminary draft new Report ITU-R M.[AUTOMOTIVE RADARS] - Systems characteristics and compatibility of automotive radars operating in the frequency band 77.5-78 GHz for sharing studies and the working document towards draft CPM text - Chapter 3 - Aeronautical, maritime and radiolocation issues (Agenda items 1.18).

2Preliminary Views

By realising automotive radar in the 76.0-81.0 GHz band through a primary allocation to the radiolocation service in the 77.5-78.0 GHz frequency band, it is possible to reduce traffic fatalities and injuries. Japan supports a primary allocation to the radiolocation service in the 77.5-78.0 GHz frequency band considering compatibility studies with existing services conducted by ITU-R.

Agenda item 2

to examine the revised ITU-R Recommendations incorporated by reference in the Radio Regulations communicated by the Radiocommunication Assembly, in accordance with Resolution 28 (Rev.WRC-03), and to decide whether or not to update the corresponding references in the Radio Regulations, in accordance with the principles contained in Annex 1 to Resolution 27 (Rev.WRC-12);

1Background

This agenda will be discussed on the basis of Resolution 27 (Rev.WRC-12) and Resolution 28 (Rev.WRC-03) in every WRC.

At WRC-15, it be created a cross-reference table among reference cited (Incorporated by reference), ITU-R Recommendation and RR terms that refer to them.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports review of the reference of ITU-R recommendation in RR on the basis of Resolution 27 (Rev.WRC-12) and Resolution 28 (Rev.WRC-03).

Agenda item 4

in accordance with Resolution 95 (Rev.WRC-07), to review the resolutions and recommendations of previous conferences with a view to their possible revision, replacement or abrogation;

1Background

This agenda is considered on the basis of Resolution 95 (Rev.WRC-07) in every WRC.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports review of recommendations and resolutions of WRC considered in this agenda  on the basis of Resolution 95 (Rev.WRC-07).

Agenda Item 7

to consider possible changes, and other options, in response to Resolution 86 (Rev.Marrakesh, 2002) of the Plenipotentiary Conference, an advance publication, coordination, notification and recording procedures for frequency assignments pertaining to satellite networks, in accordance with Resolution 86 (Rev.WRC-07) to facilitate rational, efficient, and economical use of radio frequencies and any associated orbits, including the geostationary-satellite orbit;

1Background

Resolution 86 (Rev. WRC-07) resolves that WRC should consider any proposals which deal with deficiencies and improvements in the advance publication, coordination, notification and recording procedures of the Radio Regulations for frequency assignments pertaining to space services which have either been identified by the Board and included in the Rules of Procedure or which have been identified by administrations or by the Radiocommunication Bureau, as appropriate.  The resolution also resolves to invite WRC to ensure that these procedures and the related appendices of the Radio Regulations reflect the latest technologies, as far as possible.  The Working Party 4A is the responsible group on the technical aspect, and Special Committee (SC) is the responsible group on the regulatory and procedural aspects of this agenda, respectively.

The Working Party of the SC (SC-WP) meeting held in December 2013 identified the seven issues, and prepared materials for the draft CPM text on this issue for consideration at the SC meeting to be held in December 2014.  The previous WP 4A meetings also considered materials for the draft CPM text on this issue mainly on the technical aspect.  Some of these issues were also considered at the APG 2015-2 (June 2013, Bangkok, Thailand).

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports to review an advance publication, coordination, notification and recording procedures of satellite networks subject to this agenda item in accordance with Resolution 86 (Rev. Marrakech, 2002). Japan is of the view that the principle that satellite networks should be brought into use after conducting necessary frequency coordination should be maintained and that the procedures and associated regulations would be reviewed not by comprehensive way which may cause adverse impact on existing and future satellite networks, but by careful consideration of each issue under this agenda item respectively taking into account rational and efficient use of orbit/spectrum resources.

Agenda item 8

to consider and take appropriate action on requests from administrations to delete their country footnotes or to have their country name deleted from footnotes, if no longer required, taking into account Resolution 26 (Rev.WRC-07);

1Background

Agenda item 8 is to consider and take appropriate action on requests from administrations to delete their country footnotes or to have their country name deleted from footnotes, if no longer required, taking into account Resolution 26 (Rev.WRC-07).

Resolution 26(Rev.WRC-07) urges administrations to review footnotes periodically and to propose the deletion of their country footnotes or of their country names from footnotes, as appropriate.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports the deletion of footnote or country name of footnote in the Table of Frequency Allocations in RR by the request from administrations of other countries.

It is because that it is considered that the deletion of footnote or country name of footnote in the Table of Frequency Allocations in RR does not influence any existing radiocommunication service in Japan.

Agenda item 9

to consider and approve the Report of the Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau, in accordance with Article 7 of the Convention;

Agenda item 9.1

on the activities of the Radiocommunication Sector since WRC 12;

Issue 9.1.1

Protection of the systems operating in the mobile-satellite service in the band 406-406.1 MHz;

1Background

Resolution 205 (Rev. WRC-12) resolves to invite ITU-R to conduct operational studies with a view to ensuring the adequate protection of mobile-satellite service (MSS) systems in the frequency band 406-406.1 MHz from any emissions that could cause harmful interference (see No 5.267 of the radio regulations (RR)), taking into account the current and future deployment of services in adjacent bands, and also invite ITU-R to consider whether there is a need for regulatory action, based on the studies carried out to facilitate the protection of the MSS systems in the frequency band 406-406.1 MHz, or whether it is sufficient to include the results of the above studies in appropriate ITU-R Recommendations and/or Reports.

ITU-R Working Party 4C (WP 4C) is the responsible group of this issue.

The 406-406.1 MHz frequency band is exclusively allocated to MSS, which is currently used by the Cospas-Sarsat system for search and rescue space segment instruments. Since the introduction of the first elements of the Cospas-Sarsat system in 1982 (the LEO and GEO components), more than 35 000 persons (end of 2012 data) have been rescued worldwide with the assistance of the information provided by the Cospas-Sarsat system. The information provided by the Cospas-Sarsat system has also significantly reduced the time needed for numerous rescue operations therefore reducing the cost and risks associated with such operations.

The protection criteria for this band are currently recognized through Recommendation
ITU-R M.1478, which provides allowable power flux-density requirements against wide-band out-of-band and narrow-band spurious emissions. However, this recommendation does not address aggregate emissions from transmitters operating in adjacent bands.  The revision of the Recommendation ITU-R M.1478-2 is now considered by WP 4C.  The draft revised recommendation is expected to be submitted to Study Group 5 (SG 4) on July 2014.

At its meeting of February 2014, the WP 4C considered the mitigation techniques to protect the MSS system in the 406-406.1 MHz.  One of the techniques is introduce of improved filters for LEOSAR, GEOSAR and MEOSAR systems space receivers, which are planned for future generation of satellite.  Another technique is reduction in e.i.r.p. levels radiated by terrestrial systems towards space may be another measure to protect the MSS systems in the 406-406.1 MHz.  However, taking into account that there are already thousands of terrestrial systems in use throughout CEPT countries, it was recognized that t was not realistic to expect that the operators/users of these systems would/could modify their existing networks.  As a result, this mitigation measure is concluded to be feasible due to the high number of existing systems operating in the 406.1-410 MHz, but might be considered for existing systems operating over geographical areas with limited deployment of terrestrial systems and a very limited portion of that band such as 406.1-406.2 MHz.

2Preliminary Views

The Cospas-Sarsat system in the 406-406.1 MHz frequency band is essential for the protection of human life.  On the other hand, there are already a huge number of existing services in the adjacent band.

In this light, Japan is of the view that adequate protection of the MSS systems in the 406-406.1 MHz frequency band is necessary while undue constraints are not imposed to the operation of the existing services in the adjacent band.

Issue 9.1.2

Studies on possible reduction of the coordination arc and technical criteria used in application of No. 9.41 in respect of coordination under No. 9.7;

1Background

The WRC-12 adopted the Resolution 756 (WRC-12) for ITU-R to study on appropriateness of the current criterion for No. 9.41 using ΔT/T and of reduction of the coordination arc in some frequency bands, and to report it to the WRC-15.  At the CPM15-1 meeting, the Working Party 4A was designed as the responsible group on the technical aspect, and Special Committee (SC) was the responsible group on the regulatory and procedural aspects of this agenda, respectively.  This issue was also considered at the APG 2015-2 (June 2013, Bangkok, Thailand).

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports that studies of technical conditions regarding the Issue 9.1.2 would be continued, taking into account the consequences of the modification of the coordination arc and/or the coordination threshold.

Issue 9.1.3

Use of satellite orbital positions and associated frequency spectrum to deliver international public telecommunication services in developing countries;

1Background

The WRC-12 adopted the Resolution 11 (WRC-12) for ITU-R to examine the necessity of additional regulatory measures for satellite telecommunications in order to enhance delivering international public telecommunications services in developing countries and to report it to the WRC-15.  The Working Party 4A was designated as the responsible group for this issue at the CPM15-1 meeting and the previous WP 4A meetings developed a working document towards the draft CPM text.  This issue was also considered at the APG 2015-2 (June 2013, Bangkok, Thailand).

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports that study regarding this agenda item would be proceeded.

Issue 9.1.4

Updating and rearrangement of the Radio Regulations;

1Background

This agenda is to organize articles which be done the double reference and articles with duplicate content in the Radio Regulations (RR).

However, the following articles shall be excluded ; Article1,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,13,14,15,16,17,18,21,22,23 and 59, and articles that are supposed to be reviewed is on a regular basis .

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports that the studies will be advanced.

Issue 9.1.6

Studies towards review of the definitions of fixed service, fixed station and mobile station;

1Background

Resolution 957 was adopted as WRC-15 Agenda item 9.1, Issue 9.1.6 at WRC-12.

Resolution 957 resolves to review the definitions of fixed service, fixed station and mobile station contained in Article 1 of RR for possible modification.

Resolution 957 also resolves to study the potential impact on regulatory procedures in the RR (coordination, notification and recording) and the impact on current frequency assignments and other services resulting from possible changes to the definitions of fixed service, fixed station and mobile station.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports the opinion that the current definitions about fixed service, fixed station and mobile station of the RR should be sustained.

It is because that the revision of definitions of fixed service, fixed station and mobile station should be noted not to influence on existing systems and existing services.

Issue 9.1.7

Spectrum management guidelines for emergency and disaster relief radiocommunication;

1Background

Resolution 647 (Rev.WRC-12) was adopted as WRC-15 Agenda item 9.1, Issue 9.1.7 at CPM15-1.

Resolution 647 is to conduct studies as necessary, and as a matter of urgency, in support of the establishment of appropriate spectrum management guidelines applicable in emergency and disaster relief operations.

Resolution 647 (Rev.WRC-12) resolves to encourage administrations to communicate to BR, as soon as possible, the frequencies available for use in emergency and disaster relief.

Resolution 647 (Rev.WRC-12) also resolves to reiterate administrations the importance of having frequencies available for the use in the early stages of humanitarian assistance intervention for disaster relief.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports to continue the studies by ITU-R related to spectrum management guidelines for emergency and disaster relief radiocommunication.

Issue 9.1.8

Regulatory aspects for nano- and picosatellites;

1Background

The WRC-12 adopted the Resolution 757 (WRC-12) which resolves to invites ITU-R to examine the procedures for notifying space networks and consider possible modifications to enable the deployment and operation of nanosatellites and picosatellites, taking into account the short development time, short mission time and unique orbital characteristics, and to instruct Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau to report the results of these studies. The WRC-12 also adopted the Resolution 808 (WRC-12) which addresses consideration on appropriate regulatory procedures needed for nanosatellites and picosatellites as one of the preliminary agenda for the WRC-18.  

As for ITU-R, WP 7B is the responsible group and WP 4A, SC, WP 5A and WP 6A are the concerned groups for this agenda item.

2Preliminary Views

Japan supports that the studies by ITU-R will be proceeded, with consideration enough the impact on existing services and the radio station in operation or of the operation planned in conformity with the Radio Regulations, in considering the regulations of nanosatellites and picosatellites.

Japan also supports that a new study will be done by ITU-R and APT in response to the technology trends and service applications for nanosatellites and picosatellite, taking into account the possibility of the commercial applications of these satellites in the future.

Division in Charge:International Frequency Policy Office