1.Outline of the Aeronautical Communication
- i.Air Traffic Control System
This is a system rendered between the Air Traffic Control Institutions and the aircraft to secure the safety and the mobility of aircraft by providing ground navigation or advice, information about aircraft and the airport weather condition.
- VHF Cordless Telephone, HF Cordless Telephone
- Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR), Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR), Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR)
- ii.Air Control Communication System
This is a communication system that the airline companies use for determining aircraft position to secure the navigation of their proprietary aircrafts.
- Cordless telephone by way of VHF, HF, and Inmarsat Satellite Communications
- Data Transmission by way of VHF and Inmarsat Satellite Communications
- iii.Aircraft Telephone
This is an on-board public telephone service that aircraft passengers use to communicate.
Now, the satellite communication telephone service which went via the Inmarsat satellite.
- iv.Radio Navigation System
This is a radio navigation system that the navigating aircraft uses to detect its position.
- VOR/DME, NDB, TACAN
Furthermore, the development of a satellite navigation system utilizing GPS has been in progress.
- v.Aircraft Landing System
This is a system used for navigating the aircraft by radio waves onto the airport for its landing in safety.
- Instrument Landing System (ILS)
- Landing Navigation by iv. Radio Navigation System
Furthermore, as a satellite navigation system by GPS has been more popular, the development of a system that utilizes it has been in progress.
- vi.Aircraft-loaded Radio Equipment
There are different kinds of radio equipment loaded on the aircraft, while their two main targets are for navigation and communication.
- Navigation Equipment
VOP/DME, ATC Transponder, Weather Radar, Radio Altimeter, Rescue Radio, ILS Receiver, ADF Receiver - Communication Equipment
VHF/HF/Inmarsat Satellite Cordless Telephone, VHF/Inmarsat Satellite Data Transmission, Aircraft Telephone
- Navigation Equipment
2.Aircraft Communication Type
Aircraft Communication | Communication | Air Traffic Control (ATC) –› VHF Cordless Telephone, HF Cordless Telephone This is a communication rendered by the air traffic control institutions to the aircraft to secure the safety and mobility of the air traffic. |
---|---|---|
Aeronautical Operational Control (AOC) –› VHF Cordless Telephone, VHF Open Space Datalink, etc. This is communication by the aircraft pilot for normal navigation and so forth. |
||
Aeronautical Administrative Communications (AAC) –› VHF Open Space Datalink and so forth This is business-use communication for airline companies, etc. |
||
Navigation | Radio Navigation –› VOR, DME, TACAN, NDB This is communication for receiving response radio waves and catching information such as directions or distance by receiving ground radio waves or emitting request radio waves from onboard. |
|
Satellite Navigation –› GPS This is communication to receive radio wave from multiple artificial satellites and catch 3D position. |
||
Surveillance | Ground Surveillance –› ASR, SSR, ARSR, ORSR This is communication to determine the position of the aircraft by the ground radar. |
|
Automatic Dependent Surveillance –› Communicate the position data by GPS, etc. by Inmarsat, MTSAT, etc. This is communication to attain navigation data automatically without any human intervention, based upon the navigation data from the aircraft. |
||
Cooperative Information Systems –› Development in progress. This is communication to attain 3D position data automatically without any human intervention by using multiple positioning satellites. |
International | Domestic | |
---|---|---|
October, 1919 | The "Treaty regarding Aircraft Law" is signed. The International Aircraft Committee (a permanent organization of the International Federation) is founded. | |
1929 | The Aircraft Communication Work starts. (The medium wave radio telegraph is set in use.) | |
1941 | The operation of the radio beacons starts. (The medium wave radio beacon station) | |
1945 | The operation, manufacturing, or research of the civil aircraft is banned by the GHQ memorandum. | |
June, 1950 | The "Instrument Landing System (ILS)" is adopted as the ICAO International Standard. | The "Domestic Transportation " is promulgated and the domestic aircraft transportation is re-started. (The JAL "The Jupiter" commemorates the first flight between Haneda and Fukuoka in October, 1951.) |
July, 1959 | The Air Route Control Right is transferred from the US Army to Japan. | |
1977 | ARINC starts the VHF Open Space Datalink Service in the North American continent. | |
1985 | The Insarmat Treaty Amendment is adopted. (The Insarmat Satellite Communication Service is introduced into the aircraft.) | |
April, 1990 December, 1990 | The VHF Open Space Datalink Service starts. The Insarmat Satellite Communication Service starts. |